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Preparation
Establish directory structure and file naming conventions
Consistent file structuring and naming
conventions make it easier to find and organize files, and
to continue the work of developing the site.
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To manage your content and accurately
code your relative links, match the file directory
structure to your site structure
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To avoid broken links, make all file
names lowercase unless a program, such as a Java applet,
specifies otherwise (on a case-sensitive server, home.html
is not the same as Home.html)
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If you are doing cross-platform
development, establish file-naming conventions that
accommodate all platforms (you may want to use the DOS
rules for formatting file names because all platforms
support this format: limit file names to eight characters
and file types to three characters, sometimes known as
"8.3")
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Use names that describe content so that
it isn't necessary to open the file in order to know what
it contains
Establish a method for version control
The procedures you establish to manage
developing versions of your site will begin in production
and continue throughout the future maintenance of your site.
The procedures should be clearly defined so that it is easy
to follow them consistently. In most cases, you should not
throw out older file versions of your site because you may
want to refer to them later. You should also keep back-up
copies.
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Decide how you will identify different
versions (by file dates, by file names, or by directory
names)
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Decide how many back-up files you will
create, how often files will be backed up, and where they
will be stored
Generate page templates
Use page templates to ensure layout
consistency throughout the site and to separate the content
and the interface. Separating the content and the interface
will help you avoid having to place an element in multiple
HTML files.
Templates should include your own design
decisions for the site and any conventions dictated by your
company or organization. They should also adhere to Web
accessibility guidelines. Addressing accessibility at the
level of templates will make the fundamental structure of
your site accessible to users with disabilities. It will
also make it easy for content providers to make individual
pages accessible. For a complete list of Web accessibility
guidelines, see IBM Web Accessibility.
Templates can be implemented using
server-side includes, database forms, scripts, or simple,
coded ASCII files. Items often found in templates include
calls to standard CSS and JavaScript files and common
header, footer, or navigation elements.
Separate content from the interface
Developing content independently from the
user interface allows you to develop both more efficiently.
If the two are developed interdependently, then every change
made in one would have to be immediately considered in the
other. Frames, JavaScript, and Java applets all allow you to
separate the interface from the content. For example, the
text in this guideline is used in both the print-all version
and the frames version without modification.
Use
relative links instead of absolute links
A relative link (images/example.gif) is
easier to create and move than an absolute link (http://www.ibm.com/ibm/hci/guidelines/web/images/example.gif).
Relative links allow you to test out the site on your local
hard disk and then transfer the site to the server without
changing the code for the links. | |
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